Legal Ethics
What is Legal Ethics?29Sources of Legal Ethics24The Role of the Lawyer30Confidentiality and Privilege22Conflicts of Interest29Fees and Billing25Candour and Integrity23Competence and Diligence22Advertising and Solicitation22Legal Ethics in Litigation27Legal Ethics in Corporate Law22Legal Ethics in International Law29Disciplinary Proceedings24Professional Liability24Self-Regulation and Peer Review25
Commercial Law
Definition and Scope of Commercial Law24The Legal Framework of Business Organizations28Contract Law in a Commercial Context29Formation and Terms of a Contract of Sale26Performance and Breach of Contract23International Sale of Goods24Copyright and Related Rights28Patents and Trademarks31Commercial Exploitation of Intellectual Property23Equity and Debt Financing27Securities Regulation22Mergers and Acquisitions29Cross-Border Transactions27International Arbitration28Comparative Commercial Law31
Contract Law
Offer and Acceptance26Consideration22Intention to Create Legal Relations30Capacity to Contract26Legality of Object31Express Terms26Implied Terms29Exclusion and Limitation Clauses26Obligations of the Parties27Time of Performance29Breach of Contract22Performance30Agreement29Frustration22Breach22Damages25Specific Performance30Injunctions24
Dispute Resolution
What is Dispute Resolution?25Theories of Dispute Resolution22Methods of Dispute Resolution30Principles of Negotiation31Types of Negotiation31Negotiation Skills29Role of the Mediator27Mediation Process23Mediation Techniques27Types of Arbitration28Arbitration Process27Enforcement of Arbitration Awards26Civil Procedure22Evidence23Remedies28
Intellectual Property Law
Introduction to Copyright Law25Ownership and Authorship of Copyright Works26Rights Granted by Copyright28Limitations and Exceptions to Copyright25Remedies for Copyright Infringement28Introduction to Patent Law27Patentable Inventions21Patent Application and Examination23Patent Rights and Infringement23Patent Litigation and Enforcement29Introduction to Trademark Law24Trademark Registration and Protection25Trademark Infringement and Dilution26Trademark Litigation and Enforcement22Unfair Competition and Trade Secrets27Intellectual Property and the Internet23Intellectual Property and Biotechnology22Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property26International Intellectual Property Law22Current Trends and Future Directions in Intellectual Property Law22
Tort Law
Definition and Nature of Tort24Intentional Torts30Negligence24Strict Liability28Vicarious Liability31Trespass to the Person24Trespass to Chattels23Defamation26Negligence in Specific Contexts26Strict Liability Torts22Consent28Contributory Negligence31Statutory Defenses28Ex Turpi Causa29Necessity22Damages23Injunctions29Specific Performance27Restitution30Limitations on Remedies24
Company Law
Nature and Types of Companies26Company Formation and Registration24Corporate Governance24Types of Shares22Shareholders Rights and Duties24Share Capital and Distributions27Duties and Liabilities of Directors24Appointment and Removal of Directors23Officers of the Company22Sources of Corporate Finance30Corporate Insolvency and Restructuring23Directors Duties in Insolvency28Types of Mergers and Acquisitions25Legal and Regulatory Aspects19Tax Implications24
Criminal Law
Definition and Elements of a Crime29Mens Rea and Actus Reus23Causation and Complicity25Inchoate Offenses30Defenses to Criminal Liability30Homicide24Non-Fatal Offenses Against the Person26Sexual Offenses23Property Offenses28Economic Offenses24Sentencing Principles and Objectives23Sentencing Options and Dispositions28Criminal Justice System and Reform24
European Union Law
The Origins and Development of the European Union24The Sources of European Union Law22The Institutions of the European Union23The Free Movement of Goods23The Free Movement of Persons22The Free Movement of Services26The Prohibition on Anti-Competitive Agreements26The Prohibition on Abuse of Dominant Position26Merger Control29The Common Commercial Policy26The Common Foreign and Security Policy22The European Union and the United Kingdom22
Human Rights Law
The Concept of Human Rights23International Human Rights Law21Regional Human Rights Law25Domestic Human Rights Law25The Right to Life24The Right to Liberty and Security24The Right to Freedom of Expression23The Right to Freedom of Religion24The Right to Freedom of Assembly and Association28The Right to Education24The Right to Health23The Right to an Adequate Standard of Living22The Right to Social Security26The Right to Work28The Rights of Women25The Rights of Children28The Rights of Persons with Disabilities23The Rights of Indigenous Peoples23The Rights of Refugees and Asylum Seekers31International Mechanisms for the Enforcement of Human Rights29Regional Mechanisms for the Enforcement of Human Rights27Domestic Mechanisms for the Enforcement of Human Rights22
International Law
Customary International Law24Treaties28General Principles of Law25Judicial Decisions and Scholarly Writings25States24International Organizations29Individuals24Peaceful Settlement of Disputes28The International Court of Justice26Other Dispute Resolution Mechanisms24The Prohibition of the Use of Force28Exceptions to the Prohibition29The Consequences of the Use of Force24The International Bill of Rights25Regional Human Rights Systems28Enforcement of Human Rights27Principles of International Environmental Law29International Environmental Agreements23Enforcement of International Environmental Law30The World Trade Organization31International Investment Law23International Monetary Law26
Property Law
Concept of Property25Legal Framework of Property Law24Historical Development of Property Law28Modes of Acquisition27Transfer of Ownership23Co-Ownership24Estates in Land27Land Registration23Easements and Restrictive Covenants22Copyright22Patents29Trademarks23Trespass and Nuisance29Adverse Possession22Landlord and Tenant Law24
Public International Law
Definition and Sources of Public International Law27Theories of Public International Law25The Role of International Organizations in Public International Law29Criteria for Statehood25Recognition of States and Governments24The Rights and Duties of States24Peaceful Settlement of Disputes31The Use of Force in International Law22The International Court of Justice25The Universal Declaration of Human Rights23The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights28The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights23The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court29Crimes against Humanity27War Crimes28
Tax Law
Definition and Scope of Tax Law29The Role of Tax Authorities30Tax Avoidance and Evasion30Residence and Domicile26Employment Income29Business Income25Introduction to Corporation Tax28Capital Gains Tax28Inheritance Tax25Introduction to VAT28VAT Registration and Accounting22VAT Refunds and Repayments15Introduction to International Tax Law28Double Taxation Agreements24Transfer Pricing26
Constitutional Law
What is Constitutional Law?27Historical Development of Constitutional Law27The UK Constitution24The Doctrine of Separation of Powers27The Legislature31The Executive24The Judiciary26The Protection of Fundamental Rights23Freedom of Expression22Freedom of Religion26The Right to a Fair Trial27Judicial Review29Prerogative Remedies24Constitutional Reform23
Energy Law
Definition and Scope of Energy Law20Historical Development of Energy Law24International Energy Law26Exploration and Production25Transportation and Storage25Marketing and Distribution27Generation and Transmission24Distribution and Retail22Renewable Energy Law30Nuclear Power Plants22Nuclear Fuel Cycle25Nuclear Non-Proliferation31Regulatory Authorities31Pricing and Competition27Environmental Regulation26
Environmental Law
The Concept of Environmental Law22The Sources of Environmental Law27The Principles of Environmental Law25Air Pollution26Water Pollution29Land Pollution22Environmental Impact Assessment24Environmental Regulation24Environmental Enforcement23The Concept of Sustainable Development24The Principles of Sustainable Development30The Implementation of Sustainable Development31
Family Law
Definition and Scope of Family Law26Historical Development of Family Law25Sources of Family Law23Legal Requirements for Marriage and Civil Partnerships24Rights and Responsibilities of Spouses and Civil Partners22Dissolution of Marriage and Civil Partnerships27Legal Status of Cohabiting Couples23Cohabitation Agreements22Domestic Violence in Cohabiting Relationships26Legal Requirements for Adoption24Rights and Responsibilities of Adoptive Parents23International Adoption24Legal Rights of Children22Child Protection28Adoption and Fostering23
Immigration Law
Definition and Scope of Immigration Law23Historical Development of Immigration Law in the UK24Sources of Immigration Law27Border Control and Entry Clearance22Asylum and Refugee Law24Immigration Enforcement25Types of Immigration Status29Rights and Entitlements of Immigrants21Deprivation and Loss of Immigration Status26First-Tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber)23Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber)30Judicial Review of Immigration Decisions26Brexit and Immigration23Global Migration and Refugee Crisis27Ethical and Human Rights Considerations in Immigration Law28
Land Law
Nature and Scope of Land Law26Classification of Land27Legal and Equitable Interests in Land26Contracts for the Sale of Land29Conveyancing26Adverse Possession24Creation and Termination of Leases27Rent and Other Payments28Covenants in Leases29The Planning System in England and Wales22Planning Applications and Appeals23Enforcement of Planning Control23Co-Ownership of Land26Easements and Profits29Land Registration26
Media Law
Definition and Scope of Media Law25Historical Development of Media Law26Regulation of the Media23Elements of Defamation23Defences to Defamation23Remedies for Defamation29The Right to Privacy24Breaches of Privacy23Defences to Privacy Claims27Copyright22Trademarks29Patents22Ethical Principles in Journalism26Ethical Dilemmas in Media23Media Regulation and Ethics23
Medical Law
Definition and Scope of Medical Law23The Doctor-Patient Relationship30Medical Ethics and Decision-Making27Elements of Medical Negligence22Defenses to Medical Negligence22Medical Malpractice Insurance26Legal Aspects of End-of-Life Care29Ethical Considerations in End-of-Life Care23Palliative Care and Hospice29Ethical and Legal Considerations in Medical Research28Intellectual Property Rights in Medical Innovations24Regulatory Approval of Medical Devices and Drugs25Telemedicine and Digital Health25Artificial Intelligence in Medicine25Global Health Law26